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Depopulation, Deindustrialisation and Disasters are three of the biggest problems facing Japan today. This book discusses how sustainable communities are being created in Japan in an attempt to overcome the threat of the triple Ds . It provides an overview of how each of these three core issues endangers the sustainability of local communities especially, but also discusses how they might also provide an opportunity to replace outdated paradigms, rooted in expansion and competition, with a new way forward on a global scale. The authors explore how the Japanese government has followed the worldwide trend of implementing neo-liberal policies in response to globalisation and how these policies have resulted in a mass exodus into larger cities such as Tokyo, leaving local communities more vulnerable to socio-economic threats. The authors highlight non-metropolitan areas facing the ‘triple D’ threat and introduce several case studies on how these are working towards achieving a more sustainable future. Written by members of the LORC (Research Centre for the Local Public Human Resources and Policy Development, Ryukoku University) this collection will be invaluable to scholars across the social and political sciences and to those interested in how innovative policy making can positively influence sustainable development. Katsutaka Shiraishi is Professor at the Faculty of Policy Science, Ryukoku University, Japan and has acted as the LORC’s Director between 2008 and 2011 and again since 2014. He is also the chair of the board of the Kyoto Alliance, a collaborative platform between universities, local governments, business organisations and non-profit organisations (NPOs) in Kyoto. Nobutaka Matoba is Professor at the Faculty of Policy Science, Ryukoku University, Japan and has acted as the LORC’s Deputy Director since 2014. He obtained a PhD from the University of Birmingham in the United Kingdom.

Human Geography. --- Sociology, Urban. --- Urban Studies/Sociology. --- Urban Geography / Urbanism (inc. megacities, cities, towns). --- Urban sociology --- Cities and towns --- Anthropo-geography --- Anthropogeography --- Geographical distribution of humans --- Social geography --- Anthropology --- Geography --- Human ecology --- Human geography. --- Urban geography.

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This book illustrates and explains the consequences of neoliberal reform on rural economies. Based on an ethnographic case study of coastal fisheries in Iceland, it poses the following questions: How are rural fishers navigating liberal capitalism? And how are new markets, property-rights and digital technologies transforming rural economies? By drawing on an extensive body of literature on economic sociology and science and technology studies, the book offers a novel understanding of the role of market-based reform for rural development.

Fisheries --- Fishery economics --- Economic aspects. --- Human Geography. --- Geography. --- Cultural geography. --- Environmental management. --- Organizational Studies, Economic Sociology. --- Economic Geography. --- Cultural Geography. --- Environmental Management. --- Environmental stewardship --- Stewardship, Environmental --- Environmental sciences --- Management --- Human geography --- Cosmography --- Earth sciences --- World history --- Anthropo-geography --- Anthropogeography --- Geographical distribution of humans --- Social geography --- Anthropology --- Geography --- Human ecology --- Human geography. --- Economic sociology. --- Economic geography. --- Geography, Economic --- World economics --- Commercial geography --- Economic sociology --- Economics --- Socio-economics --- Socioeconomics --- Sociology of economics --- Sociology --- Social aspects

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This book examines the geography of partisan polarization, or the Reds and Blues, of the political landscape in the United States. It places the current schism between Democrats and Republicans within a historical context and presents a theoretical framework that offers unique insights into the American electorate. The authors focus on the demographic and political causes of polarization at the local level across space and time. This is accomplished with the aid of a comprehensive dataset that includes the presidential election results for every county in the continental United States, from the advent of Jacksonian democracy in 1828 to the 2016 election. In addition, coverage applies spatial diagnostics, spatial lag models and spatial error models to determine why contemporary and historical elections in the United States have exhibited their familiar, but heretofore unexplained, political geography. Both popular observers and scholars alike have expressed concern that citizens are becoming increasingly polarized and, as a consequence, that democratic governance is beginning to break down. This book argues that once current levels of polarization are placed within a historical context, the future does not look quite so bleak. Overall, readers will discover that partisan division is a dynamic process in large part due to the complex interplay between changing demographics and changing politics.

Demography. --- Geographical information systems. --- Political science. --- Human Geography. --- Geographical Information Systems/Cartography. --- Political Science. --- Anthropo-geography --- Anthropogeography --- Geographical distribution of humans --- Social geography --- Anthropology --- Geography --- Human ecology --- Administration --- Civil government --- Commonwealth, The --- Government --- Political theory --- Political thought --- Politics --- Science, Political --- Social sciences --- State, The --- Geographical information systems --- GIS (Information systems) --- Information storage and retrieval systems --- Historical demography --- Population --- Vital statistics --- Human geography.

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This monograph explores the nature of corruption around the world from a geographic perspective. It focuses on historical context and cultural factors. Readers will learn that though corruption is pervasive, geography greatly shapes its character. This book will offer a better understanding of the level of corrupt activity in any given country. The book analyzes an array of countries and regions. Coverage ranges from democratic societies, where corruption is low due to high rates of literacy and a free press, to the most corrupt places, where centralized power structures and lack of a free media allow corruption to unfold unimpeded. Anti-corruption campaigns and their effectiveness are also reflected upon. In addition to data from Transparency International, the text examines relevant political events. In each case, the analysis focuses on the major actors and institutions involved; the cultural norms that often regard corruption as a normal part of doing business; and the attempts by foreign and domestic actors to minimize corruption. This book will help readers better understand the causes and consequences of corruption, as well as its type and severity varies widely across the planet. It will appeal to students, researchers, policy makers, and interested general readers.

Human geography --- Geography. --- Human Geography. --- Economic development. --- Law and economics. --- Development economics. --- Economic Geography. --- Development Studies. --- Law and Economics. --- World Regional Geography (Continents, Countries, Regions). --- Development Economics. --- Economics --- Economic development --- Economics and jurisprudence --- Economics and law --- Jurisprudence and economics --- Jurisprudence --- Development, Economic --- Economic growth --- Growth, Economic --- Economic policy --- Statics and dynamics (Social sciences) --- Development economics --- Resource curse --- Anthropo-geography --- Anthropogeography --- Geographical distribution of humans --- Social geography --- Anthropology --- Geography --- Human ecology --- Cosmography --- Earth sciences --- World history --- Economic geography. --- Human geography. --- Physical geography. --- Geography, Economic --- World economics --- Commercial geography

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This book provides an original contribution to the planning and design literature. Not only does it provide a fresh and finely grained examination of the daily challenges and opportunities of design review practice, but it does so in an ethnographically compelling way—through extensive references that convey and show what a distanced researcher could never adequately summarize and paraphrase. Architects, urban designers, and developers will learn about how they might work with design reviewers on the basis of the four significant roles that a design review staff plays frequently in the design review process. Faculty and students in architecture, urban design, and urban planning will learn about design governance, design regulations, design culture, participants, processes, and micropolitics in design and design reviews. There are possibly tens of thousands of design review boards in the United States that review proposals for building designs and site designs submitted by practitioners in architecture, landscape architecture, urban design, urban planning, and urban development. Given this considerable professional context, the target audience of this book includes design reviewers, practitioners, scholars, educators, and students in the fields of architecture, urban design, landscape architecture, urban planning, and urban development.

User-centered system design. --- Human Geography. --- Applied psychology. --- Urban Geography / Urbanism (inc. megacities, cities, towns). --- Humanities and Social Sciences, multidisciplinary. --- Community and Environmental Psychology. --- Applied psychology --- Psychagogy --- Psychology, Practical --- Social psychotechnics --- Psychology --- Anthropo-geography --- Anthropogeography --- Geographical distribution of humans --- Social geography --- Anthropology --- Geography --- Human ecology --- Urban geography. --- Human geography. --- Community psychology. --- Environmental psychology. --- Cognitive ergonomics --- Ecological psychology --- Ecopsychology --- Ecotherapy --- Environmental quality --- Environmental social sciences --- Human factors science --- Psychoeology --- Psychotherapy --- Ecological Systems Theory --- Psychology, Applied --- Social psychology --- Psychological aspects